高考英语答题技巧题型06 完形填空（答题模版与解题技巧）（原卷版）Word（15页）

题型06 完形填空 模板 01 逻辑关系 模板01 逻辑关系模板 模板02 排除法模板 模板03 上下文模板 选材特点 近年全国新高考卷完形填空的文章选材均来自英美国家的主流书刊或正规网站，题材多样化，遵 循“文章内容生活化”原则，体现正确的人生观、价值观，传递正能量。 主题语境包含人与社会、人与自我、人与自然，体裁以记叙文为主，说明文和夹叙夹议文为辅。 高考完形填空遵循“以实词为主、虚词为辅、突出词汇语境化”的命题原则，设空间距为10-15 词。 语言简单，长句不多，没有生僻字。对动词、名词和形容词的考查最多，对一词多义、熟词生义进行 适当行适当考查。 高考完形填空把考查上下文语境放在第一位，词汇运用放在第二位。全文第一句不设空，每小 题所给的四个选项大多属于同一种词类或同一范畴。应当重视文章关键句、主题句（一般在段首或段 尾），把握文章的主题思想和作者的写作观点和态度。 答题要素 规律答题 转折关系 however, but, though, whereas, nevertheless 等 因果关系 so, therefore, thus, because, for, since, as 等 让步关系 though, although, despite, in spite of 等 顺序关系 before, after, first, second, in addition, then, next, finally 等 条件关系 if, unless, once, provided that 等 解释关系 that is to say, in other words, namely 等 并列关系 and, while 等 提示：完形填空的每一个空都不是孤立存在的，除了词义和用法的考查，句中及全文的逻辑关系是重 要线索。解题时应在整体把握文章脉络的基础上，按照行文逻辑进行合理推断。 【典例】 【辽宁省朝阳市辽宁名校2023-2024 学年高三试题】 One day, Tim came home from school. His face was filled with sadness and 21 . His classmate had said hurtful things to him, 22 Tim to feel upset and discouraged. 21．A．hope B．confidence C．improvement D．anger 22．A．confusing B．attracting C．causing D．Assisting 模板 02 排除法模板 答题要素 规律答题 近四年正确选项分布规律 2023 年新高考I&II 卷：4A；4B；3C；4D； 2022 年新高考I&II 卷：4A；3B；4C；4D 2021 年新高考I&II 卷：4A；4B；4D；3C 2021 年新高考I&II 卷：4A；4B；4C；3D 2020 年新高考I 卷：3A；4B；4C；4D 选项词性 同一小题选项均为同一词性或词类 提示：在个别情况下，如果不能很有把握地直接得出答案，可以根据选项出现频率、上下文语境、固定 搭配等综合考虑，运用上图模板结合排除法加合理推断，得出正确选项。仔细剖析近四年高考完形填空 选项答案分布情况，可以看出完形填空每个选项最多四处，最低三处。 模板 03 上下文模板 1. 句内层次题：解题信息直接分布在本句的内部，瞻前顾后，边读边填，先易后难。 2. 句组层次题：解题线索分布在上句，下句和本句之中。谨记“一空三句抓语境”，耐心作答。 3. 语篇层次题：解题线索分布在某一段或几段相隔，甚至全篇，距离较远，更需瞻前顾后，谨记“文 中无废句，句中无闲词”，耐心作答，合理推断。 【典例】 【2023 年新高考I 卷】 On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 41 the course earlier than she did. Her 42 came because she was carrying a 43 across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two-thirds of the way through her 44 when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 45 to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 46 . She couldn’t. Bailey then 47 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 48 attention. 41．A．designed B．followed C．changed D．finished 42．A．delay B．chance C．trouble D．excuse 43．A．judge B．volunteer C．classmate D．competitor 44．A．race B．school C．town D．training 45．A．agreed B．returned C．stopped D．promised 46．A．courage B．aid C．patience D．advice 47．A．went away B．stood up C．stepped aside D．bent down 48．A．medical B．public C．constant D．Equal 1.【广东省六校2023-2024 学年高三12 月联考试题】 When I was a little boy my parents, brothers and I all lived in my grandma’s old house. The only way we could 21 it was across a wooden, 22 bridge over the river next to it. On the other side of it was a pair of railroad 23 only 10 feet from the house. I can still remember how the house would 24 when the trains carrying coal would go by. Still, it was home and I always felt 25 and loved there. The tracks were fun to 26 down too when there were no trains around. One day my elder brother even tried to 27 me how to walk on a 28 rail by putting one foot in front of the other. Each time I tried, however, I would shake and 29 . Even holding my arms straight out to my sides for 30 didn’t help. I just couldn’t do it like my brother did and I soon 31 . One day when I was alone I decided to try again. I 32 my feet but that only made me shake more. I thought, I could walk on an old, wooden bridge that swung all over the place but not on a 33 piece of steel. Finally, I set my eyes upon Grandma’s house and gave it one last 34 . This time, though, I didn’t shake. I walked on and on with my eyes on the old house. When I finally got to the front door I smiled with 35 and laughed with joy. 21．A．reach B．visit C．build D．know 22．A．new B．useless C．swinging D．decorating 23．A．records B．stations C．tracks D．companies 24．A．shake B．move C．rise D．disappear 25．A．popular B．busy C．convenient D．safe 26．A．drive B．walk C．ride D．count 27．A．follow B．match C．recognize D．show 28．A．special B．single C．right D．secret 29．A．fall B．remain C．climb D．turn 30．A．confidence B．direction C．balance D．cheating 31．A．joined in B．gave up C．sped up D．worked out 32．A．found B．slowed C．stopped D．watched 33．A．temporary B．large C．solid D．public 34．A．idea B．try C．belief D．behavior 35．A．satisfaction B．honesty C．caution D．response 2.【河北省保定市保定部分高中2023-2024 学年高三1 月期末试题】 I grew up on a university campus in eastern Nigeria.I was a(n) 21 reader, and what I read were British and American children’s books.I began to write when I was seven.I wrote exactly the kinds of stories I was reading: All my 22 were white and blue-eyed. They played in the snow. They ate apples, and they talked a lot about the 23 ，how lovely it was that the sun had 24 . What this demonstrates is how 25 we can be influenced by what we read, particularly as children. Because all I had read were foreign books, I had become 26 that books had to have 27 in them and had to be about things with which I could not personally identify. Things 28 when I discovered African books. There weren’t many of them available, and they weren’t quite as easy to 29 as the foreign books. But 30 writers like Chinua Achebe and Camara Laye I went through a mental 31 in my view of literature.I 32 that people like me, girls with skin the color of chocolate,could also 33 in literature. I started to write about things I recognized. What the 34 of African writers did for me was this: It saved me from having a 35 story of what books are. 21．A．early B．aimless C．careful D．poor 22．A．instructors B．neighbors C．friends D．characters 23．A．snow B．fruits C．cuisine D．weather 24．A．disappeared B．set C．come out D．gone down 25．A．briefly B．regularly C．scarcely D．easily 26．A．convinced B．puzzled C．concerned D．satisfied 27．A．heroes B．foreigners C．Africans D．children 28．A．remained B．changed C．worsened D．worked 29．A．read B．understand C．find D．keep 30．A．in spite of B．on behalf of C．because of D．instead of 31．A．confusion B．shift C．block D．activity 32．A．realized B．suspected C．claimed D．forgot 33．A．take B．exist C．believe D．major 34．A．discovery B．popularity C．imagination D．analysis 35．A．classic B．remarkable C．whole D．single 3.【福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024 学年高三12 月试题】 I love and enjoy playing the piano. So when the recital (音乐演奏会) was 21 , I was disappointed. I had expected it for long and already 22 my best songs. However, Mom turned this 23 into something worthwhile. “You should 24 at Carriage House Manor. I’m sure the 25 there would really appreciate the music.” To me, this was a win-win situation because not only would I play more songs, but I have the chance to 26 the residents, some of whom tragically didn’t have families. The much-anticipated day 27 arrived. Stepping into the dining area, I saw several gray-haired people seemingly enjoying a dinner and the 28 . Despite on-going conversations at tables, 29 still hung like a dark cloud in the room. After introductions, I sat down in front of the piano, butterflies in my stomach. But my 30 melted away as I played on. The dinner hour flew by. One woman got up and began to cheerfully 31 about the room to the beat of the 32 while others snapped their fingers (打响指). I was 33 to see how music brought big smiles to their faces. Calling off the recital was a blessing because it led to us 34 the gift of music with those who needed it most. Go spread 35 whenever possible. 21．A．cancelled B．sponsored C．organized D．postponed 22．A．recorded B．prepared C．composed D．sung 23．A．burnout B．letdown C．getaway D．turnaround 24．A．