高考英语答题技巧题型08 语法填空无提示词：介词（答题模版与解题技巧）（原卷版）Word（6页）

题型08 语法填空介词与数词 模板01 介词模板 模板02 数词模板 考查 模板答题 判断 当判断完设处空不是连词后，如果空后是名词，该空就要考虑填冠词或者介词，口诀 分类法“名词前面用介冠，冠名做主宾同位”。 按固定搭配填 1. 介词与动词搭配； 2. 介词与形容词搭配； 考点解读 介词是语法填空的必考点和难点，高考主要考查常见介词的基本用法 ；介词与动词、名词、形 容词等的固定搭配 。 判断技巧 判断一个词是否是介词还是连词，可以从以下几个方面进行比较和分析： 位置：介词位于名词或动名词之前，充当它们之间的桥梁，而连词则是用于连接两个独立的单词、 短语或从句，不作为句子成分的一部分。 功能：介词后面通常会跟有一个名词、代词或其他相当于名词的成分作为宾语，用以说明这个名 词或代词与句中其他成分之间的关系。而连词的功能主要是连接词与词、短语与短语以及 句与句，不直接涉及宾语的概念。 结构：介词后面通常会有介词宾语（即名词、代词或其他相当于名词的结构），而连词后跟主谓。 形态：有些介词与其小品副词外形相似，但它们的用法是有明显区别的。例 如，"in"、"on"、"behind"、"of"等都是介词，而"since"、"until"、"as"等则是连词。有的既 用作介词，又用作连词的，如“as”则需根据句子结构和句意判断甄别。 语义特征：介词常常用于表达空间关系、时间顺序、逻辑关系等多种语义特征，而连词则更多地 用于表达逻辑上的转折、对比、选择等关系。 语法作用：介词可以在句中作状语、表语、补语、定语或介词宾语，而连词则主要用于连接不同 的语法单位。 3. 介词与名词搭配。 按介词语法 功能填 1. 时间：in (表示一天中某段时间,指天、年、月、季节、周次等), on (表示某一天或星 期几,指明具体的时间), at (表示特定的时间、节日、年龄), by (…的时候、到、等到… 已经等,用在天、时间的前面) 2. 地点：in, at, on, to 3. 方式：with, in, by 4. 方位：at, in, on, to, beneath, over, under, above, below, in front of / in the front of / behind, between / among, over/across/through 5. 其它：since, until, as，than 等。 介词易混用法辨析 in 与after 的用法区别 介词in+一段时间用于一般将来时。 介词after+一段时间用于一般过去时。 介词after +时间点常用于一般将来时。 for 与since 的用法区别： 介词for 表示一段时间。 介词since 表示从过去某一时间以来。 during 与for 的用法区别 当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during。 如果一段时间不明确则用介词for。 before 与by 的用法区别： 介词before 表示“在…之前”。 介词by 表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”。 at 与in 的用法区别： at 表示较小的地方，如家、村、乡村等。 in 表示较大的地方，如大城市、国家、洲等。 at 与on 的用法区别： at 用于门牌号。on 用于路名。 in, on, to 的用法区别： in 表示“包含”，如：Guangdong is in the south of China. on 表示“紧邻”，如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S. to 表示“没接触”，如：France lies to the south of England. in, with, by 的用法区别： in 表示“用材料、语言”。如： Can you say it in English? with 表示“用工具、某物”如: with a pen。 by 表示“用、以、靠、通过…方法”。如：He prefers traveling by car. in, on, at 的用法区别： in 表示“排、行、组”。 on 表示“左、右”。at 表示“前、后”。 on, over, above 的用法区别： on 表示一物放在另一物上面两者紧贴在一起。 over 表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系，即“在…上方”。 介词above 表示一般的“高于….”，“在…之上”。 under 与below 的用法区别： under 是over 的反义词即“在…下方”。 below 是above 的反义词即“低于…” , “在…之下”。 across, through, over, past 的用法区别： across 着重于“从—头或—边到另—头或另—边”，强调从表面穿过。 through 着重于“穿越” ，强调从一定的空间内穿过。 over 多表示从“上方越过”。past 表示从“面前经过” 。 【典例1】 【2023 年新高考全国新课标卷II】 And who do they speak English ______? 【典例2】 【广东省湛江市第一中学2023-2024 学年高三试题】 A dragon is a huge, imaginary flying animal that can breathe out fire and looks a reptile (爬行动物). 【典例3】 【广东省广东省四校联考2023-2024 学年高三试题】After taking into account other risk factors for cancer such as age, weight, physical activity, and fat intake, the authors found those consuming high amounts of artificial sweetener had a higher cancer occurrence rate _ non-consumers. 模板 02 数词模板 易错点 规律答题 序数词 first 第一； second 第二； third 第三； 4-19 的序数词由基数词后加-th 构成：如fourth, fifteen; 特殊：eighth 第八； ninth 第九； twelfth 第十二； 整十序数词在基础词尾y 变为ie, 再加-th：如twenty-twentieth 第二十； 分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1 时，分母后加-s。如one fifth, three fourths。 【典例】 As we can learn from the newspaper, they are already in their (thirty) without a child. 1. (2023 年新高考全国英语甲卷) She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility ______ saving their environment. 2. (2023 年新高考全国英语乙卷) From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong ______ royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully built system of ring roads. 3. (2022 年新高考英语全国I 卷) Giant pandas also serve an umbrella species (物种), bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China. 4. (2022 年新高考全国英语甲卷) He flew 4,700 kilometers ______ Xi’an to Kashgar on Sept. 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months. 5. (2022 年新高考全国英语乙卷) May 21st this year marks the first International Tea Day, which was named officially the United Nations on November 27th, 2019. 6. (2021 年新高考全国英语甲卷) It was built originally to protect the city ______ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 7. (2021 年新高考全国英语乙卷) Due to the growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types ______ trips are now being classified as ecotourism. 8. (2020 年全国新高考英语I 卷) Museums must compete ______ people’s spare time and money with other amusements. 9. (2020 年全国新高考英语III 卷) The artist was finally humbled (谦卑) by the greatest artist earth, Mother Nature. 10. (2019 年高考英语浙江卷) The answer ______ this question is not clear. 11. (2017 年高考英语全国卷I) This trend, which was started by the medical community (医学界) ______ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. 12. (2017 年高考英语全国卷Ⅲ) After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree _______ engineering or architecture. 13．To my three sons I leave my seventeen horses. My eldest son shall take a half, my second son shall take a (three). 14.When the explorers (one) set foot upon the continent of North America, the skies and lands were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife. (所给词的适当形式填空) 15．If it is not turned in by the (two) day after the due date, it will earn a zero. (所给词的适当形式填空) 16．Two (three) of the people who lived there were dead or injured. Thousands of children’ were left without parents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 17．It's reported that two three boys read newspaper for pleasure. （用适当的词填空） 18．Three of four people believe that having healthy teeth is of great importance. (用适当的词填空) 19.（广东省东莞实验中学高三下学期开学“收心”试题）Besides, people around the globe can have access ______ Confucius ideas in Confucius Institutes and Chinese Culture Centers abroad freely. 20.（2024 届广东省四校高三第一次联考试题）One example is the Yellow River Tower in Binzhou’s Puhu Lake Scenic Area, which was open the public last year.