2024年高考英语试卷（北京）（机考 无听力）（解析卷）

1/19 2024 年普通高等学校招生高考真题全国统一考试(北京卷) 英语 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30 分) 第一节 (共10 小题;每小题 1. 5 分，共15 分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 I’d just arrived at school, ready for another school day. I was reading a book in the classroom when there was an ___1___. “Today at 1: 10 there will be auditions (面试) for a musical.” My friends all jumped up in excitement and asked me, “Will you be going, Amy?” “Sure,” I said. I had no ___2___ in drama, but I’d try out because my friends were doing it. At 1:10, there was a ___3___ outside the drama room. Everyone looked energetic. I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that morning. But now that I was doing it, I ___4___ felt nervous. What if I wasn’t any good? I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical. They then ___5___ my singing skills and asked what role I wanted to play. The teachers were smiling and praising me. I felt like I had a ___6___, so I said, “A big role.” They said they’d look into it. I started getting really nervous. What if I didn’t get a main role? Soon, the cast list was ___7___. My friends checked and came back shouting, “Amy, you got the main role! ” Sure enough, my name was at the top. I just stared at it and started to ___8___. I was so happy. After two months we were all prepared and ready to go on stage. It was fun. And when people started ___9___, that gave me a boost of confidence. It stayed with me and made me feel ___10___. I realised that by trying something new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone. 1. A. assignment B. initiative C. announcement D. interview 2. A. hesitancy B. interest C. worry D. regret 3. A. game B. show C. play D. line 4. A. suddenly B. continuously C. originally D. generally 5. A. advertised B. tested C. challenged D. polished 6. A. demand B. credit C. dream D. chance 7. A. traded B. posted C. questioned D. claimed 8. A. well up B. roll in C. stand out D. go off 1/19 9. A. whispering B. arguing C. clapping D. stretching 10. A. funnier B. fairer C. cleverer D. braver【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. D 2/19 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者抱着试一试的心态，参加了音乐剧面试却成功获得了扮 演音乐剧主角的机会，作者在这次经历中体验到了尝试新事物带来的乐趣。 【1 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我正在教室里看书，这时有一则公告。A. assignment 任务；B. initiative 倡议； C. announcement 公告；D. interview 面试。根据下文“Today at 1:10 there will be auditions for a musical.”可推 知，此处指作者正在教室里看书，这时作者听到有一则公告。故选C。 【2 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对戏剧没有兴趣，但是因为朋友们都在做，我也决定尝试一下。A. hesitancy 犹豫；B. interest 兴趣；C. worry 担心；D. regret 懊悔。根据下文“But I’d try out because my friends were doing it”可推知，此处指作者虽然对戏剧没有兴趣，但因为朋友们都在做，所以作者也决定尝试一下。故 选B。 【3 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在1:10 的时候，戏剧室外面排起了队。A. game 游戏；B. show 展览；C. play 游 戏；D. line 队伍。根据下文“Everyone looked energetic. I hadn’t expected I’d be standing there that morning.” 可知，此处指戏剧室外面排起了队。故选D。 【4 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是现在我正在排队的时候，我突然感到紧张。A. suddenly 突然；B. continuously 连续不断地；C. originally 起初；D. generally 通常。根据上文“But now that I was doing it,”以 及下文“What if I wasn’t any good?”可推知，此处指作者在排队的过程中突然感到紧张。故选A。 【5 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他们测试了我的唱歌技巧，问我想要演什么角色。A. advertised 为……做广 告；B. tested 测验；C. challenged 对……怀疑；D. polished 润色。根据上文“I entered the room and the teachers made me say some lines from the musical.”以及下文“The teachers were smiling and praising me.”可推 知，此处指作者进入戏剧室后，老师们让作者说几句音乐剧中的台词，测试作者的唱歌技巧，并对作者的 表现很满意。故选B。 【6 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我感觉我有机会，所以我说“一个重要的角色”。A. demand 需求；B. credit 信 用；C. dream 梦想；D. chance 机会。根据上文“The teachers were smiling and praising me.”可知，作者得到 老师的表扬，所以此处指作者觉得自己有机会扮演音乐剧主角。故选D。【7 题详解】 3/19 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久演员表就被张贴了出来。A. traded 交易；B. posted 张贴；C. questioned 询 问；D. claimed 宣称。根据下文“My friends checked and came back shouting, “Amy, you got the main role!”” 以及下文“my name was at the top.”可推知，此处指很快演员表就被张贴了出来，作者在名单最上边。故选 B。 【8 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只是盯着它，然后开始情绪开始迸发。A. well up (情绪)迸发；B. roll in (金钱 等)大量涌进；C. stand out 脱颖而出；D. go off 爆炸。根据下文“I was so happy”可推知，此处指作者盯着 演员表看，然后情绪开始迸发，感觉很开心。故选A。 【9 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后人们开始鼓掌，这给了我信心。A. whispering 耳语；B. arguing 争吵；C. clapping 鼓掌；D. stretching 伸展。根据下文“that gave me a boost of confidence”以及常识可推知，此处指 人们的掌声增强了作者的信心。故选C。 【 10 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它一直伴随着我，让我感到更勇敢。A. funnier 更有趣的；B. fairer 更公平的； C. cleverer 更聪明的；D. braver 更勇敢的。根据上文“that gave me a boost of confidence”以及下文“I realised that by trying something new, I can have fun — even if it means stepping out of my comfort zone.”可推知， 人们的掌声给了作者信心，这使得作者感觉更勇敢，可以走出舒适区，通过尝试新事物获得乐趣。故选 D。 第二节(共10 小题;每小题1. 5 分，共15 分) A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. 【答案】11. to rest 12. self-awareness 13. gives 14. boundaries【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了慢下来对个人成长的重要意义。 4/19 【11 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固 定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 【12 题详解】 考查名词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。空处作介词of 的宾语，应用名词 self-awareness，sense of self-awareness 表示“自我意识”。故填self-awareness。 【13 题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我 们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which 引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps 可知，从句使用一般现在时，which 指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives， gives 与helps 并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。 【14 题详解】 考场名词的数。句意：为了实践这一点，我们需要在个人和职业生活中建立明确的界限。句中boundary 是 可数名词，表示“界限”，根据空后in our personal and professional life 可知，此处表示不止一个界限，名 词应用复数形式boundaries。故填boundaries。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On April 5 , 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 【答案】15. was named 16. asked 17. who 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最长寿的人John Tinniswood 及其长寿秘诀。 【15 题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024 年4 月5 日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根 据时间状语On April 5, 2024 可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name 与主语John Tinniswood 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood 是单数，be 动词使用was。故填was 5/19 named。 【16 题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when 引导的时间 状语从句中，主语为he，且ask 与he 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与 主句主语一致，且从句中含有be 动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be 动词”可以省略。故填asked。 【17 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood 不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。 空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代 词who 引导从句。故填who。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】18. to 19. knocking 20. jogged 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。 【18 题详解】 考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself 为固定搭配，表示“心想， 暗想”，符合语境。故填to。 【19 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语 ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock 与逻辑主语some kids 之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking 作状 语。故填knocking。 【20 题详解】 考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and 连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中 went 可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38 分) 6/19 第一节 (共14 小题;每小题2 分，共28 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Language Exchange Programme allows students in pairs to communicate in two different languages they wish to share and learn each week. Students record short entries after each partner meeting noting the language skills practised and the topics discussed. Each pair of students meets three times throughout the term with a teacher who decides if the exchange i