2019年高考英语试卷（北京）（机考 无听力）（解析卷）

1/21 2019 年北京市高考英语试卷 参考答案与试题解析 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分） 第一节 语法填空（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，共15 分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个适当的单词， 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ___1___(voice)my biggest concern to my mother. “How will I make friends?” She handed me advice. “Be yourself.” For the past 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously ___2___ (face) challenges. I know I will whisper to ___3___(I) the two simple words “Be yourself”. B Earth Day, ___4___(mark)on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated ___5___ 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions(地区). No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various ___6___(activity) on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power—the possibilities are endless. C Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question ___7___ (suggest)that, for most students, it doesn’t. What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go. The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life, taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源), Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___(meaning)college experience. 【分析】A 段文章讲的是我上小学的第一天，我担忧不知道如何交朋友，妈妈告诉我"做自 己"．现在马上毕业进入社会去面对真正的挑战，我仍然记得妈妈的话，"做自己"． 1/21 B 段文章讲的是地球日的宗旨，起源，发展以及各种各样的参与方式． 2/21 C 短文章讲的是大学的名字是否重要．研究表明，大学名字不重要，重要的是在大学做什 么．如果你在大学积极上课，充分利用学校提供的各种机会和资源，那么你将获益．因此 提前为健康，有意义的大学生活做准备是很有必要的． 【解答】1．voiced．考查谓语动词．voice 做动词时意思是"表达"，因为是讲述一年级的事 情，所以用一般过去时，故用voiced． 2．facing．考查非谓语动词．根据分析，后半部分为主句，包含谓语动词know，所以横线 处用非谓语动词．face 作动词，意思是"面对"，和逻辑主语I 构成逻辑关系，故用facing． 3．myself．考查反身代词．根据句意可知此处用myself，我自己．whisper to myself （我）对我自己说，故用myself． 4．marked．考查非谓语动词．根据分析，后面那部分为主句，包含谓语动词is，所以横线 处用非谓语动词．mark 做动词时，意思是"庆贺；被赋予…特征；给确定…性质"，与逻辑 主语Earth Day 构成被动关系，故用marked． 5．in．考查介词．根据句意可知用in，in 1970 在1970 年，故用in． 6．activities．考查名词．activity，可数名词，活动．前面是形容词various，各种各样的， 所以用复数．故用activities． 7．suggests/suggested/has suggested．考查谓语动词．根据语境，研究表明…研究是过去发 生的事情，可以用一般过去时；也可以表示过去完成的动作对现在的影响，可以用现在完 成时；也可以把研究结果理解成一个常理，用一般现在时．故suggests/suggested/has suggested 均可． 8．where．考查连接词．根据句意可知填连接词where，引导宾语从句．意思是"你在大学 做什么看起来比你去哪里上大学重要的多"．故用where． 9．who．考查关系词．根据句意可知填关系代词who，引导定语从句．先行词是those 表 示人时，关系词只能用who．故用who． 10．meaningful．考查形容词．根据句意可知填meaningful，形容词，有意义的，与前面的 形容词healthy 并列，修饰后面的名词college experience．故用meaningful． 【点评】语法填空需要在通读全文的情况下，了解文章的主旨大意．逻辑通顺了之后，再 逐句地填出每个正确答案．给出提示词的，在原词的基础上变形；未给提示词的，要填冠 词、介词、连词、代词等虚词．要注意上下文之间的联系和提示． 第二节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5 分，共30 分） 3/21 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选 出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Regardless of the weather or the distance, Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time. A retired engineer, 76-year-old Wilson has been ___11___ free rides to college students for the past eight years. Since he first started ___12___ his car to the young people. Wilson has ___13___ am astonishing 64, 000 miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous ___14___ with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he’s ___15___ have gone on to become physicians, teachers and engineers, but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson. Some students ___16___ call him “Grandpa”. Tina Stern ___17___ rides from Wilson for all her four years in college, and the trips meant much more to her than just free ___18___. “It’s not just a ride; you’re not just sitting there in ___19___ silence or with your headphones on.” Stern said. “He asks you questions and actually ___20___ the answers, so the next time you ride with him, he’ll ___21___ those things.” Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organisation. On Point for College. Although the ___22___ asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes, Wilson often goes ___23___ to ensure the welfare and safety of the students. If they have problems with registration. Wilson is there to ___24___ them. If they run out of certain daily necessities. Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school, Wilson never ___25___ to buy them a meal. For many students, Wilson’s help is not only appreciated, it’s also entirely ___26___ for them to be able to complete their college education. Some students don’t have a reliable car, while others have to ___27___ vehicles with parents who work six days a week. For them, riding with Wilson has ___28___ them to complete their education — but according to Wilson, he benefits just as much from the ___29___. “I just love driving and I love these kids,” Wilson said. “It’s such a(n) ___30___ to be a part of these kids’ lives, even just for a few hours, getting to know them and 3/21 hearing their stories.” 11. A. linking B. sending C. offering D. distributing 4/21 12. A. donating B. lending C. delivering D. volunteering 13. A. paved B. covered C. measured D. wandered 14. A. arguments B. interviews C. negotiations D. wandered 15. A. met B. driven C. addressed D. conversations 16. A. even B. ever C. once D. already 17. A. earned B. received C. assessed D. demanded 18. A. transportation B. style C. time D. communication 19. A. forced B. awkward C. ridiculous D. suspicious 20. A. selects B. recites C. guesses D. remembers 21. A. act on B. settle on C. check on D. agree on 22. A. club B. league C. college D. programme 23. A. far B. around C. beyond D. forwards 24. A. assist B. watch C. urge D. warm 25. A. expects B. attempts C. manages D. hesitates 26. A. extra B. unusual C. necessary D. adequate 27. A. share B. fuel C. repair D. exchange 28. A. required B. allowed C. reminded D. convinced 29. A. experience B. arrangement C. appreciation D. employment 30. A. effort B. ambition C. privilege D. convenience 【分析】短文主要讲了Wilson 为大学生免费提供搭车的服务，这对于很多学生能顺利完成 学业是非常重要的，但Wilson 本人也觉得这样的经历能从中收益，他认为能成为你孩子们 生活的一部分是自己的荣幸． 【解答】11 15 CDBDB 16-20 ABABD 21-25 CDCAD 26-30 CABAC ﹣ 11．C．动名词的辨析，linking 联系，sending 发送，offering 提供，distributing 分配，76 岁 的Wilson 在过去的八年里给大学生提供免费的搭车，故答案为C． 12．D．动名词的辨析，donating 捐赠，lending 借给，delivering 传送，volunteering 自愿， 此处指他自愿把他的车为年轻人服务，故答案为D． 13．B．动词的辨析，paved 铺，covered 覆盖，走了…课程，measured 测量，wandered 漫游， 此处指Wilson 开车为学生服务的路程达到64000 英里，故答案为B． 5/21 14．D．名词的辨析，arguments 争论，interviews 采访，negotiations 协商，conversations 对 话，此处指他送学生路上的聊天是愉快的和幽默的，故答案为D． 15．B．动词的辨析，met 遇到，driven 开车，addressed 演讲，greeted 问候，此处指他开车 接送过的学生成为了医生老师工程师，故答案为B． 16．A．副词的辨析，even 甚至，ever 曾经，once 曾经，already 已经，前后句子构成递进 的关系，故答案为A． 17．B．动词的辨析，earned 挣得，received 收到，assessed 评估，demanded 要求，Tina Stern 在上大学的四年都收到过Wilson 的搭载，故答案为B． 18．A．上下文的理解，根据上下文可知Wilson 给学生提供免费的交通运输服务，因此使 用transportation，故答案为A． 19．B．形容词的辨析，forced 强迫的，awkward 尴尬的，ridiculous 可笑的，suspicious 可 疑的，Tina Stern 说搭车的时候并不是尴尬地坐在那，故答案为B． 20．D．动词的辨析，selects 挑选，recites 背诵，guesses 猜测，remembers 记住，他问你问 题然后还会记住你的回答，故答案为D． 21．C．短语的辨析，act on 对…起作用，settle on 解决，check on 检查，核实，agree on 同 意，下次你再搭车的时候，他会核实那些事情，故答案为C． 22．D．上下文的理解，此处指的是前文的through a student support programme ﹣ ，因此使 用programme，故答案为D． 23．C．副词的辨析，far 远，around 周围，beyond 超越，forwards 朝着，此处指Wilson 经 常做得不止这些，确保学生的福利和安全，使用go beyond"超越"，故答案为C． 24．A．动词的辨析，assist 协助，watch 观看，urge 催促，warn 警告，如果出现什么问题， Wilson 就会协助他们，故答案为A． 25．D．动词的辨析，expects 期待，attempts 试图，manages 试图，hesitates 迟疑，Wilson 从不迟疑地为他们买东西，故答案为D． 26．C．形容词的辨析，extra 额外的，unusual 不寻常的，necessary 必要的，adequate 足够 的，对于一些学生能够完成大学学业Wilson 的帮助是必不可少的，故答案为C． 27．A．动词的辨析，share 分享，fuel 加油，repair 修理，exchange 交换，有一些学生不得 不跟父母共用汽车，故答案为A． 28．B．动词的辨析，required 要求，allowed 允许，reminded 提醒，convinced 说服，对于 那些学生，由Wilson 搭载才能够使得他们顺利完成学业，故答案为B． 6/21 29．A．名词的