word文档 2021年高考英语试卷(北京)(机考 无听力)(解析卷) VIP文档

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1/19 2021 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 北京卷·英语 本试卷共11 页,共100 分.考试时长90 分钟. 考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答,在试卷上作答无效. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回. 第一部分 知识运用(共两节,30 分) 第一节(共10 小题;每小题1.5 分,共15 分) 阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑. Recently,I took a trip home by train.I got a seat opposite a middle-aged man with sharp eyes,who kept____1____a young woman in a window seat with a little boy on her lap.The woman's eye fell on the man's face,and she immediately looked down and____2____her scarf. As the night wore on,people began to close their eyes,but the seats were so uncomfortable that only a very heavy sleeper could manage to get any____3____.The woman looked over at the man.He was still staring at her.She looked back at him with fire in her eyes.I was beginning to get____4____,too. The train moved on.The little boy was ____5____ awake on his mother's lap,but the woman dropped off to sleep.A moment later,he began to____6____the half-open window—one leg went over it.The man jumped up and ____7____the child just before he fell out. The____8____ woke up the woman.She seemed to be in____9____,and then reality dawned (显现). “Your child has been looking for an opportunity to climb out of the window,”the man said as he gave the child back to her. .“So I have been watching the whole time.”The woman was _____10_____,and so was I. 1. A. guiding B. bothering C. watching D. monitoring 2. A. adjusted B. changed C. packed D. waved 3. A. air B. joy C. space D. rest 1/19 4. A. nervous B. embarrassed C. angry D. disappointed 5. A. almost B. still C. hardly D. even 6. A. drag B. climb C. knock D. push 7. A. grabbed B. rocked C. touched D. picked 8. A. alarm B. quarrel C. risk D. noise 9. A. sorrow B. relief C. panic D. pain10. A. astonished 2/19 B. confused C. concerned D. inspired 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了火车上一位男子救下了爬上窗户的顽皮孩子的善举,最初孩子的母亲因 为男子总是盯着他们,对男子的第一印象不好,而最后得知原因十分惊讶。故事告诉我们很多事情不能只 看表面。 【1 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我坐在一位中年男子对面的座位上,他目光敏锐,一直在注视着一位坐在靠窗 座位上的年轻女子,她的腿上坐着一个小男孩。A. guiding 带领;B. bothering 打扰;C. watching 看着; D. monitoring 监控。根据上文“with sharp eyes”(有着敏锐的目光)以及下文第二段“He was still staring at her.”(他仍然盯着她看。)可知,中年男子一直在看着女子,故选C。 【2 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:女人的目光落在了男人的脸上,她立刻低下头,整理了一下围巾。A. adjusted 调整;B. changed 改变; C. packed 包装 ;D. waved 挥动,根据空格处and 前的动词低下头和空格后的围 巾,可知女人因为感到尴尬而低头故意整理围巾,故选A。 【3 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:夜渐渐深了,人们开始闭上眼睛,但座位太不舒服了,只有睡得很沉的人才能 设法休息。A. air 空气;B. joy 娱乐;C. space 空间;D. rest 休息。根据空格前点明时间是夜晚了和后面睡 得很沉的人,可知是为了获得一些休息。故选D。 【4 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我也开始生气了。 A. nervous 紧张的;B. embarrassed 尴尬的;C. angry 生气 的;D. disappointed 失望的。根据with fire in her eyes 以及空格后too,可知“我”和女人的情绪是一样愤怒生 气的,故选C。 【5 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意:小男孩躺在妈妈的腿上还醒着,但是妈妈已经睡着了。A. almost 几乎;B. still 仍然;C. hardly 几乎不;D. even 甚至。根据but the woman dropped off to sleep,可知母亲已经睡着,男孩 是醒着的,推断出来是仍然醒着的。故选B。 【6 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:过了一会儿,他开始爬上半开着的窗户——一条腿跨过了窗户。A. drag 拖拉; B. climb 爬上;C. knock 敲打;D. push 推动。根据空格后one leg went over it,可知小孩是在爬窗户,脚才 迈了出去,故选B。【7 题详解】 3/19 考查动词词义辨析。句意:就在孩子掉下去之前,那人跳起来抓住了他。A. grabbed 抓着;B. rocked 摇晃; C. touched 接触;D. picked 挑选。根据before he fell out 可知,男人跳起来是为了阻止孩子掉下去,所以要 抓住他,故选A。 【8 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:噪音把那个女人吵醒了。A. alarm 闹钟;B. quarrel 吵架;C. risk 风险;D. noise 噪音。根据上文The man jumped up and grabbed the child just before he fell out 可知,男人和孩子一定是弄出 了很大 动静和声音,故选D。 【9 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:她似乎在恐慌,然后明白过来。A. sorrow 悲伤;B. relief 减轻;C. panic 恐慌; D. pain 痛苦。根据上文可知,女人一醒来看到男人抓着自己的孩子,女人对男人的印象不好,因此作为母 亲一定是很恐慌的,故选C。 【10 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:女人很惊讶,我也很惊讶。A. astonished 惊讶;B. confused 困惑的;C. concerned 关心的;D. inspired 受到鼓舞的。根据空格前的对话“ Your child has been looking for an opportunity to climb out of the window,”the man said as he gave the child back to her..“So I have been watching the whole time.”(“你的孩子一直在找机会爬出窗户,”男人说着把孩子还给了她。“所以我一直在看。”), 可知女人对男人的印象不好,但是男人却救了他们的孩子,所以最后女人是感到意外和惊讶的,故选A。 第二节(共10 小题;每小题1.5 分,共15 分) A 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do we dream?Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse____11____ (idea).Dreams might be a side effect of memory making.When you sleep,your brain sorts through everything ____12____ happened during the day,trying to link new experiences to old memories.As it ____13____ (connect) things, your brain tums them into a story,and you get a dream. 【答案】11. ideas 12. that 13. connects 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了我们为什么会做梦的原因。 的 3/19 【11 题详解】考查可数名词的数。句意:科学家们还不能完全确定,他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的, 多种多样的”,形容词作定语,后接可数名词复数;idea 想法,可数名词。故填ideas。 4/19 【12 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意:当你睡觉时,你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切,试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。 分析句子结构可知,空处需用连接词引导定语从句,先行词是不定代词everything,关系词在定语从句中 作主语,所以此处需用关系代词that 引导定语从句。故填that。 【13 题详解】 考查时态。句意:当它连接事物时,你的大脑将它们变成一个故事,然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语 动词tums 可知,空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数it,所以空处谓语动词需用 单数。故填connects。 B 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Sam is an in-real-life streamer(播主),and he live streams himself just going about his day.While riding his bike home ____14____ a cold night,he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself.The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about ____15____ she lived.Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____(safe) wait for the police to take her home. 【答案】14. on 15. where 16. safely 【解析】 【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了生活博主Sam 救助一个老妇人的故事。 【14 题详解】 考查介词。句意:在一个寒冷的夜晚,当他骑着自行车回家时,他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自在 街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“(在具体的某一天的)早上、中午、晚上”等,须用介词on。故 填on。 【15 题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意:这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about 后是宾语从句,根据句意, 此处用where“在哪里;……的地方”符合句意,从句中作地点状语,故填where。 【16 题详解】 考查副词。句意:山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店,这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词 wait 用副词作状语,故填safely。C 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1 个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 5/19 There ____17____(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years,____18____(cause) largely by rising global temperatures,according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world,____19____(result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss.Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need ____20____ (invest) in disaster prevention. 【答案】17. has been 18. caused 19. resulting 20. to invest 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出过去20 年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很大程度上是 由全球气温上升造成的,引发重大自然灾害,造成了极大的经济损失,因此人们急需投资于灾害预防。 【17 题详解】 考查动词时态。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20 年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很大 程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years 可知,此处使用现在完成时,a dramatic rise 是单数感念,助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 【18 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events 与cause 是逻辑动宾关系, 应用过去分词,表被动。故填caused。 【19 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:2000 年至2019 年,全球共发生重大自然灾害7348 起,造成经济损失2.97 万亿美 元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world 与result 是逻辑主谓关系,且表示一种自然的结果,应用 现在分词,作结果状语。故填resulting。 【20 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意:研究结果表明,急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知,此处表示未来的动作,应 用不定式,作后置定语。故填to invest。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,38 分) 第一节(共14 小题;每小题2 分,共28 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该 5/19 项涂黑. A If you are planning to start a career in the field of education,science,or culture,then an internship(实 习) 6/19 at UNESCO will be ideal for you. Who can apply?  You have completed your full-time university studies;or.  You are studying in a graduate program for a master's degree.  Applicants in technical assignments must have reached the last year of their studies in a technical institution. What are the requirements?  You must be at least 20 years old.  You should have a good command (掌握) of either English or French.  You must have an excellent knowledge of office-related software.  You should be able to work well in a team and adapt to an international working environment.  You should possess strong interpersonal and communication skills. What do you need to prepare?  Visa:You should obtain the necessary visas.  Travel:You must arrange and finance your travel to and from the location where you will do your internship.  Medical insurance:You must show proof of a comprehensive health insurance valid(有效的)in the target country for the entire per
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