高考英语答题技巧题型02 推理判断题（答题模版） （解析版）Word（17页）

题型02 推理判断题 模板 01 隐含意义推断题 答题要素 规律答题 模板01 隐含意义推断题模板 模板02 观点态度推断题模板 模板03 文章出处或写作对象、目的意图推断题模板 模板04 下文预测推断题模板 推理判断题命题方式 1. It can be inferred/ concluded that _________. 2. In which of the following publication would this passage most likely be printed? 3. What’s the author’s attitude toward _________? 4. The writer probably feels that _________. 5. What can we learn about...from the first two paragraphs?(2023 新高考I 卷) 6. The passage/story...indicates/suggests/implies that . 7. What can we infer from ...？(2023 年全国乙卷) 8. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date?(2022 年新高考I 卷) 第一步 锁定关键词：迅速定位关键词如infer, imply, conclude,suggest 等在文中对应的信息处。 第二步 精译文中句：运用翻译技巧、句子成分划分、长难句辨析等方法读懂原文信息，揣摩细 节，利用逆向思维和正向推理，根据文章结构和线索词推断隐含意义。 第三步 核对选项细节。在这个步骤中，通常原词出现处是错误选项，正确项会采用同义替换。 注意：注意核对推理判断题干扰项典型特征如：主观臆断、过度推断 、以细节代替推断 、无中生有 等。 【典例】 （2023·福建泉州·高三校考期中） Will artificial intelligence (AI) replace my job? This is a question that many people think about these days. At present, the application of AI robotics in professional fields, as well as ChatGPT’s abilities to write essays, solve complex problems and more, have heightened moral concerns. ...... The AI-driven new industrial revolution is irreversible. This, like previous ones, which introduced changes that had been unimaginable before, will certainly affect human employment. But it always turned out humanity was able to adapt to each industrial revolution and create new forms of employment. Therefore, it’s unnecessary to worry AI will replace our jobs. While technology advances at a rapid pace, what we need to do is to welcome the AI era rather than block its unfolding for fear of the unknown. 4．What does the writer suggest readers do with the coming of the AI era? A．Accept it passively. B．Deal with it positively. C．Respond to it randomly. D．Defend it unconditionally. 【答案】B 【模板】1. 锁定关键词 suggest... 及在文中对应最后一段。 2. 精译文中句。 3. 核对选项，读懂替换词 positively 。 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Therefore, it’s unnecessary to worry AI will replace our jobs. While technology advances at a rapid pace, what we need to do is to welcome the AI era rather than block its unfolding for fear of the unknown.(因此，不必担心人工智能会取代我们的工作。虽然技术正在快速发展，但我们需要 做的是欢迎人工智能时代的到来，而不是因为害怕未知而阻止它的发展)”可知，作者建议对于未来的人工 智能时代的到来，不要因为害怕而去阻止它，而是应该欢迎人工智能时代的到来，即积极地对待它。故选 B。 模板 02 观点态度推断题模板 答题要素 规律答题 第一步 锁定关键词：分析题干，抓牢关键词如，主语与feel, attitude, view 等 第二步 文中定褒贬：从文章找出包含该信息的段落，运用“题文同序法”找出反映语境褒贬性及 态度变化的标志性词汇或句子，运用句子剖析，掌握句意，进一步做出判断， 第三步 核对细节词：牢记褒贬及中性意义的词汇，积累英美国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知 识。 提示：重点关注文中出现表示转折意义的词句，如but, however, yet 等,其后一般才是作者真正的态度或 意图。一般在说明文中，作者的态度时客观的或中立支持的，而在议论文中，作者的态度是多种多样 的。 常见的表达情感态度的词 positive 积极的---negative 消极的； optimistic 乐观的---pessimistic 悲观的； critical 批判的---approval 赞同的； doubtful 怀疑的； disappointed 失望的； neutral 中立的； objective 客观的； indifferent 冷漠的；不同的； tolerant 容忍的； 【典例】 （2023·广东深圳·高三校考阶段练习） Today, poetry and science are often considered to be mutually exclusive career paths. But that wasn’t always the case. The mathematician A da Lovelace and the physicist James Clerk Mahwah were both accomplished poets. The poet John Keats was a licensed surgeon. Combining the two practices fell out of favor in the 1800s. But translating research into lyrics, haiku, and other poetic forms is resurging (再现) among scientists as they look for alternative ways to inspire others with their findings. “Poetry is a great tool for questioning the world,” says Sam Illingworth, a poet and a geoscientist who works at the University of Western Australia. Through workshops and a new science-poetry journal, called Consilience, Illingworth is helping scientists to translate their latest results into poems that can attract appreciation from those outside of their immediate scientific field. Stephany Mazon, a scientist from the University of Helsinki in Finland, joined one of Illingworth’s workshops. In the workshop, she was grouped with other scientists and tasked with writing a haiku, a 17-syllable- long poem, which spotlighted water, a fluid that featured in all of the group members’ research projects. “It was a lot of fun, and surprisingly easy to write the poem,” Mazon says. She plans to continue writing. “We do a disservice(伤害) to ourselves to think that scientists can’t be artistic and that art can’t be use a to communicate scientific ideas,” Mazon says. That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. “Actually, when science communication involves writing and sharing poems, it invites a two-way dialogue between experts and nonexperts,” he says. Scientist-poet Manjula Silva, an educator at Imperial College London, agrees. Poetry provides a way to translate complex scientific concepts into a language that everyone can understand, Silva says. Scientists and poets are both trying to understand the world and communicate that understanding with others. The distinction between scientists and poets is less than people might think. We’re all just people with hopefully really interesting things to say and to share. 38．What does Illingworth think of the dominant ways of science communication? A．Conventional. B．Effective. C．Innovative. D．Complex. 【答案】38．A 【模板】1. 锁定细节词 think of 。 2. 运用“题文同序法”，文中定情感。这一步中需要用到长句拆解技巧。 3. 识别选项总结词 conventional“ 传统的”。 【解析】情感态度推理判断题。根据第四段中“That viewpoint is echoed by Illingworth, who thinks science communication initiatives are too often dominated by public lectures with their hands-off PowerPoint slides. (Illingworth 也赞同这一观点，他认为科学传播计划往往被公开讲座和不干涉的PowerPoint 幻灯片所主导)” 可知，伊林沃思认为，科学交流倡议往往被公开讲座的幻灯片所主导，这是一种老套的方式。故选A。 模板 03 文章出处或写作对象、目的意图推断题模板 答题要素 规律答题 书刊杂志 中心内容突出，类别变化明显。如，以人物成长经历为主题的人物传记；介绍科技新发现的 科普杂志； 报纸类 往往在文中出现日期、地点等名称。 网站网络 文中常有如www.，web, online, click, mouse 等用词。 旅游手册 提供景点介绍或旅游路线、宾馆入住等常识或相关词汇如，souvenir 等。 说明书 文中会出现如，设备、器具使用说明；药品服用次数、数量等。 提示：1.扫描题干。2.特别关注第一段和最后一段，找到文章主旨句。在应用文中，还要重点关注小标 题。3.识别表格关键词。 牢记选项词如, poster 海报，travel brochure 旅游指南，journal 杂志，instruction 说明书,，digest 文摘， science journal 科学期刊等词。 【典例01】 （2023·湖南邵阳·高三湖南省邵东市第一中学校考） The UK is home to 26 world-ranked universities of the top 200 globally. At the heart of each university is the library, a space for students to access resources, absorb knowledge and gather thoughts. Here are some of our must- visit libraries across the UK. The British Library, London Located in London, the British Library is home to over 170 million items. The collections offer a glimpse into literary heritage over the ages, from books to maps to manuscripts. Visitors can browse treasures including Leonardo da Vinci’s notebook. Students with a reading pass are known to spend hours at a time in the reading rooms. Bodleian Old Library, Oxford Dating back to 1488, the Bodleian Old Library has three notable reading rooms. It is celebrated for its late Gothic architecture. You may recognize the elaborately carved ceiling from scenes in Harry Potter.Students at the university automatically get access to the library. John Rylands Library, Manchester ...... In which column of a newspaper can the passage be found? A．Culture B．Fashion C．Science D．Entertainment 【答案】A 【模板】1. 扫描题干。 2. 判断文章主旨。 3. 识别表格关键词。 在模板第二步关注第一段即可得出文章中心。 【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The UK is home to 26 world-ranked ...... Here are some of our must- visit libraries across the UK.(英国有26 所大学进入全球前200 名。每所大学的中心都是图书馆，这是学生获 取资源、吸收知识和收集思想的空间。以下是我们在英国必去的一些图书馆)”可知，文章主要介绍了在英 国必须要去的四个博物馆，可知在报纸的文化专栏中可能找到这篇文章。故选A。 【典例02】 In many cultures, it is considered unlucky to spill salt. Fortunately, many cultures also have a solution to the problem, which usually involves throwing a pinch of salt over your shoulder. It may seem confusing to modern humans, but knowing that salt was once incredibly valuable can change this perspective. For thousands of years, salt was an extremely rare commodity. It was difficult to obtain so that the price was very high. Many trading