高考英语答题技巧题型05 七选五（解题技巧）(原卷版 )Word（18页）

题型05 七选五 设空位置 七选五解题模板 段标题 1. 对比其他段落标题找共性。 2. 寻找关键词。 3. 推理本段主旨句 段首题 1. 寻找关键词。 2. 明确段落大意。 3. 观察句式特征（与其它段落首句的共性） 段中题 1. 阅读设空后，标记关键词如人称代词。 2. 阅读空前句，标记关键词。 3. 标记选项关键词。 命题特点 七选五语篇选材以说明文为主，偶尔考查记叙文。主要考查学生把握文章基本结构、段内句间衔接关系 以及逻辑关系的能力、根据上下文进行总结与推理推断的能力。 。 命题规律 考查方向：题目类型以段首题、段中题、段尾题为主，偶尔出现段落小标题。 备考方向：1. 培养逻辑思维能力，增强语篇意识。 2. 掌握不同体裁语篇的结构特点，尤其是说明文和记叙文。说明文一般以逻辑、空间、 时间顺序进行阐述，结构多为“总-分”；记叙文一般以时间顺序展开，应重点关注连接 词，段落之间的关系。 4. 利用词汇复现或逻辑关系线索对比。 段尾题 1. 总结句：寻找总结性词语。 2. 段间过渡句：承上启下，查询上下文。与上文关联或下一段首句衔接。 命题点01 段首题 【典例01】 【2024·福建莆田·高三莆田第六中学校考】 Have you ever caught a smell of something and been strongly reminded of a person or place? There seems to be a deep psychological link between smells and our memory. Some research even suggests that smells can influence our cognition (感知). 36 Roja Dove, a perfumer, informed the BBC that when we are born, the olfactory bulb (嗅球), which is the area in our brain that processes smell, is empty, without pre-existing information or association. ...... Our awareness of smells is primarily unconscious. We are not actively aware of them unless they are extremely strong. But, low-level smells are still picked up because the scent receptors (感受器) in our brain are so powerful that we unconsciously register them. In fact, various studies have found the olfactory bulb sends more neurons (神经元) to more areas of our brain than our hearing or vision. Research suggests that the power of smell can also affect how the brain performs....... But research by others has shown it to be useful in reducing pre treatment anxiety in dental and medical situations. 40 The next time a familiar smell brings back a special memory, just remember that your nose is working wonders. A．Why do smells take us back? B．So, don’t take your nose for granted. C．How is the sense of smell connected to your brain? D．Scents can revive memories that have been long forgotten. E．We are not actively aware of them unless they are extremely strong. F．This is especially true when it comes to the fragrance of essential oils. G．Therefore, our responses to smells are learnt and highly individualized. 【答案】36．C 40．B 【答案】36.C 40.B 【模板】1.观察句式特征（无特殊句式。）2.寻找关键词。3.明确段落大意。 【解析】 36．根据下文“Roja Dove, a perfumer, told the BBC that when we are born, the olfactory bulb (嗅球), which is the area in our brain that processes smell, is empty, without pre-existing information or association. (香水师Roja Dove 告诉BBC，当我们出生时，我们大脑中处理气味的嗅球是空的，没有预先存在的信息或联系)”推知， 此处是在说嗅觉是怎么和大脑联系起来的，因此选择项C“How is the sense of smell connected to your brain? (嗅觉是如何连接到你的大脑的？)”符合语境。故选C。 40． 根据下文“The next time a familiar smell brings back a special memory. just remember that your nose is working wonders. (下次一种熟悉的气味唤起特别的记忆时，只要记住你的鼻子正在创造奇迹)”可知，鼻子 会自动地处理气味，我们不应该忽视鼻子的作用。因此选择项B“So, don’t take your nose for granted.( 所以， 不要把你的鼻子视为理所当然)”符合语境。故选B。 【典例02】 【2023·湖北·高三统考期末】 38 You can become a babysitter in your community or work on an oil field in another country. This can really help you to gain insight into yourself when you decide what you are passionate about. How about combining sports with learning? Choosing a sporting adventure in another country, either playing or coaching will be an amazing experience. In addition, giving back to the community by volunteering in a local charity is also how you would like to spend your time. From these experiences, you will learn much more than just how to do a job. Aside from your photographs, your most treasured possession will be that new experiences challenge you and allow you to grow. So whether you are going abroad or going to your local community center, one thing is for certain — a gap year is definitely not just filling a gap. It is a year that can make all the difference to your future. A．Perhaps you are one of the latter. B．Why not apply for a job locally or abroad? C．How about combining sports with learning? D．You can find helpful information on some websites. E．It is a year that can make all the difference to your future. F．You will look back and know that your gap year has done that. G．Whatever your reasons, a gap year can be an enriching and exciting time. 【答案】 38．B 【模板】1.观察句式特征（与其它段落首句无共同句式）。2.明确段落大意。根据后文倒退主题句。 【解析】从后文“You can become a babysitter in your community or work on an oil field in another country. (你 可以在你的社区做保姆，或者在另一个国家的油田工作)”可知，此处提议找工作。故B 选项“Why not apply for a job locally or abroad? (为什么不在本地或国外申请工作？)”能引起下文，符合题意。故选B。 命题点02 段中题 【典例01】 【2024·山西·高三校联考阶段练习】 Keep the focus on your friends. When your friends are talking to you, it’s easy for you to share a similar story in an effort to relate and connect. But it’s not always welcome. They might feel that you’ve made their pain about you. 38 , let them know that you went through something similar but allow them to decide if they want to hear about it at the moment. Showing up isn’t a one-time thing. Remember that grief( 悲伤)is so complex and your friends might go through several stages of sorrow. 39 . It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time. Ask your friends how you can best help. 40 . Just ask! A．Don’t let them stay alone B．Try not to be over-enthusisatic or over-worried C．Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support D．If you do feel that your experience might be helpful to them E．You don’t need to automatically know what kind of help they want F．Instead, feel with your friend the bigness of what they’re going through G．When there isn’t a perfect response that is going to make people feel better 【答案】38．D 39．C 40．E 【模板】1.阅读设空后，标记关键词。38 空后为逗号。40 空后标记just。2.利用逻辑关系线索对比。39 空 后代词it 及it means 复指代上文。 【解析】 38.由下文“let them know that you went through something similar but allow them to decide if they want to hear about it at the moment.(让他们知道你也经历过类似的事情，但让他们决定现在是否想听。)”可知，这里指要 求朋友决定是否听你的经历，而D 项If you do feel that your experience might be helpful to them(如果你确实 觉得你的经历可能对他们有帮助)符合语境，和后文构成条件状语从句，且your experience 与下文went through something similar 对应，有启下作用。故选D 项。 39．由下文“It means a lot if your friends know that you are thinking about them all the time.(如果你的朋友知 道你一直在想他们，那意义重大。)”以及上文可知，作者建议我们应一直关注朋友，而C 项Keep in touch with them and see if they need your support(与他们保持联系，看看他们是否需要你的支持)符合语境，其中 Keep in touch with them 与下文 thinking about them all the time 对应，有启下作用。故选C 项。 40．由上文“Ask your friends how you can best help. (问问你的朋友你能提供最好的帮助。)”可知，这里指 要主动问朋友可以帮什么忙，而E 项You don’t need to automatically know what kind of help they want(你不必 自动知道他们想要什么样的帮助)符合语境，有承上启下作用，其中help 与上文对应。故选E 项。 【典例02】 【2024·河北·校联考模拟预测】 Focus on breathing. Just focusing on your breath or changing the way you breathe can make a big difference to your overall stress level. Breathing techniques can calm your body and your brain in just a few minutes. 37 So whether you’re in a stressful meeting or you’re sitting in a crowded theater, breathing exercises could be key to reducing your stress. Take a walk. 38 Taking a walk allows you to enjoy a change of scenery, which can get you into a different frame of mind, and brings the benefits of exercise as well. So whether you just need to take a stroll around the office or you decide to go for a long walk in the park after work, walking is a simple but effective way to refresh your mind and body. Get a hug from a loved one. 39 Hugging a loved one can be especially beneficial. When you hug someone, oxytocin (后叶催产素) is released. It is associated with higher levels of happiness and lower levels of stress. So don’t be afraid to ask a loved one for a hug if you need it. It’s good for both of you. A．Create art work. B．Develop a new hobby. C．Physical touch can do a lot to relieve your stress. D．It reduces stress and produces a sense of relaxation. E．That’s why it’s essential to have effective stress relievers. F．Besides, no one around you will know you’re doing them. G．Exercise is a fantastic stress reliever that can work in minutes. 【答案】 37．D 38．G 39．C 【模板】1. 37 空阅读设前后，标记选项关键词，人