陕西省西北工业大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二上学期1月期末考试英语试题

西工大附中2022-2023 学年上学期1 月期末 高二英语 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Discover the Canadian Rockies by rail and car. Enjoy two days aboard the scenic Rocky Mountaineer, combined with the freedom to discover fantastic Banff National Park in your spare time by rental car. About the Tour Your tour starts in Vancouver, where you can explore the scenic city on your own and visit Vancouver Lookout for the whole views. After a relaxing evening, you'll start your second day with travel aboard the Rocky Mountaineer, from Vancouver to Kamloops, the heart of British Columbia. Get your cameras ready for dramatic scenery, from the rushing waters of Hell's Gate to mountain peaks. Continue east to Alberta, across ranchlands, lakeshores, mountain passes and tunnels, arriving in the town of Banff. You can have your supper by tasting the local food, but the cost falls on you. Spend the next day enjoying Banff on your own, and then drive to Lake Louise and Yoho National Park. Travel through Kananaskis Country and the wide-open ranches of Alberta before arriving in Calgary, where you'll spend an evening touring the city before your trip comes to an end. Highlights 2 days of scenic rail travel onboard the Rocky Mountaineer Free Hotel accommodations （住宿）for all the 5 nights 4 free meals 3-day full-size car rental with GPS and unlimited mileage Vancouver Lookout Calgary Tower Additional Information It is your duty to check and fulfill the passport, visa, and health requirements applicable（合适的）to your journey. We do not accept any loss if you cannot travel, or receive any other loss because you have not obeyed （遵 循）any passport, visa, or health requirements. You are to pay back to us in relation to any fines or other losses which we get as a result of your failure to follow any passport, visa, or health requirements. 1．Where does the tour end? A．Banff. B．Calgary. C．Alberta. D．Yoho National Park. 2．Which is free of charge for tourists? A．Accommodations. B．Taking the train. C．Driving a rental car. D．All meals during the trip. 3．What does the author intend to tell us in "Additional Information" ? A．Rules during the travel. B．Risk of breaking travel rules. C．Responsibility travelers need to take. D．The trouble in getting the passport. Eyes are said to be the window to the soul — but researchers at Google see them as indicators of a person’s health. A study suggests that Google’s computers can predict whether someone is at risk of a heart attack by analyzing a photograph of their retina (视网膜). The research relied on a convolutional neural network, a type of deep-learning algorithm (算法) that is transforming how biologists analyse images. Google’s approach is part of a wave of new deep-learning applications that are making image processing easier and could even identify overlooked biological phenomena. The approach took off in the tech sector around 2012, but scientists struggled to apply the networks to biology, in part because of cultural differences between fields. “Take a group of smart biologists and put them in a room of smart computer scientists and they will talk two different languages to each other, and have different mindsets,” says Daphne Koller, chief computing officer at Calico. However, through years of study, some scientists have seen a shift that has never happened before in how well machine learning can accomplish biological tasks that have to do with imaging. Others are most excited by the idea that analysing images with convolutional neural networks could unknowingly reveal unnoticeable biological phenomena, encouraging biologists to ask questions they might not have considered before. Such discoveries could help to advance disease research. If deep learning can reveal markers of cancer in an individual cell, it could help to bring about new assumptions about how cancer spreads. Other machine-learning experts in biology have set their sights on new frontiers, now that convolutional neural networks are taking flight for image processing. “Imaging is important, but so is chemistry and molecular (分子) data,” says Alex Wolf, a computational biologist. Wolf hopes to improve neural networks so that they can analyse gene expression. “I think there will be a very big breakthrough in the next few years,” he says. 4．What do we know about a convolutional neural network? A．It can predict diseases. B．It is a learning machine. C．It can transform images. D．It is an image processor. 5．What can we infer from Daphne Koller’s words? A．Barriers exist in certain fields. B．Scientists have different research aims. C．Characters prevent scientific cooperation. D．Technical limitation is the biggest challenge. 6．With further study of convolutional neural networks, ______. A．many biological questions get answered B．it drives biologists to explore the field widely C．image analysis can go on without being noticed D．many deep-learning applications have been improved 7．What is implied in the last paragraph? A．Neural networks are promising. B．It is convenient to process images. C．It is necessary to work on new frontiers. D．Analyzing gene expression is imperfect. After Bernini broke his neck and lost all movements below his shoulders when he was 18, his brain still told his hands how to move - - but the message couldn't get through the injured part that connects his brain to other parts of his body. Now, thanks to recent advances in electrical stimulation (刺激) technology. Bernini can once again grasp, pour, and even play Guitar Hero. To do so, he uses a micro-electrode array (MEA) that reads his brain's signals and sends them through wires to something like a sleeve on his arm that electronically stimulates his muscles. In the past years, researchers have used several approaches to guide patients like Bernini to move their hands. In some systems, researchers implanted (植入)sensors in shoulder muscles that patients could still control, allowing them to move one hand by contracting muscles in the opposite shoulder. Other systems use brain implants similar to those in the new study, but to control robotic arms, rather than the patient’s own muscles. But never before has a patient been able to precisely move his hand using the same neural (神经的)signals that controlled his hand before his injury. After implanting the MEA in Bernini 's brain, researchers connected it to a computer. Bernini trained the system to connect patterns of neural signals to specific movements by repeatedly mirroring the movements of an imaginary hand on a computer screen. Soon, Bernini could hold large objects like glasses and lift small objects like straws. He could also move each finger on his own just by thinking about it, which previous systems had never achieved. And it was absolutely an amazing moment. 8．How is Bernini now? A．He does well in playing the guitar. B．He has recovered from his neck injury. C．His thoughts can control his hand movements. D．His shoulder muscles guide his hand movement. 9．What did researchers want to do through brain implants in the past? A．Control the patients' hands. B．Guide robots to help patients. C．Help patients' own muscles contract. D．Repair patients' injured neural signals. 10．What's the breakthrough in Bernini 's case compared with previous studies? A．He can hold and lift objects. B．He can move each finger independently. C．He can recognize his specific movements. D．He can use neural signals for hand moving. 11．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Moving Hands by Contracting Muscles. B．Using New Systems for Muscle Injuries. C．Sending Neural Signals by Wires. D．Linking thoughts to Movements. If you could change your child's DNA in the future to protect them against diseases, would you? It could be possible because of technology known as CRISPR- Cas, or just CRISPR. CRISPR involves a piece of RNA, a chemical messenger, designed to work on one part of DNA； it also uses an enzyme (If) that can take unwanted genes out and put new ones