佛山一中2020级高二下学期第一次段考英语

佛山一中2020 级高二下学期第一次段考英语 第1 页 共10 页 佛山一中2020 级高二下学期第一次段考 英语 命题人：张亚波 审题人：黄丽嫦 （本试卷共10 页，满分为150 分，考试时间120 分钟） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分20 分） 第一节听力理解（共6 小题，每小题2 分，满分12 分） 材料及问题播放两遍。 每段后有三个小题， 各段播放前每小题有5 秒钟的阅题 时间。请根据各段播放内容及其相关小题，在5 秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C 项 中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第一段材料，回答第1-3 题。材料读两遍。 1. Question 1 （录音）： A. At 9:00 am. B. At 10:00 am. C. At 10:30 am. 2. Question 2 （录音）： A. By car. B. On foot. C. By bus. 3. Question 3 （录音）： A. To a lake. B. To a park. C. To a restaurant. 听第二段材料，回答第4-6 题。材料读两遍。 4. Question 4 （录音）： A. Business Strategy. B. Human Resources. C. Research & Development. 5. Question 5 （录音）： A. Engineering. B. Management. C. Psychology. 6. Question 6 （录音）： A. The introduction of a new worker. B. The introduction of a company. C. The introduction of a research. 第二节回答问题（共4 小题, 每小题2 分，满分8 分） 听第三段材料，然后回答问题。材料读两遍。 7. Question 7: （录音） Answer: ________________________________. 8. Question 8: （录音） Answer: They'll learn __________ skills. For example, I'll learn how to make a_________. There' ll be some ________there to show us how to live in the wild. I think it's going to be __________. 9. Question 9: （录音） Answer: She is going to an ____ youth camp. She is going to give a ____about student life in China. 10. Question 10: （录音） Answer: ________________________________ 佛山一中2020 级高二下学期第一次段考英语 第2 页 共10 页 第二部分阅读（共三节，满分40 分） 第二节 阅读理解（共10 小题；每小题2 分，满分20 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Gold Fame Citrus by Claire Vaye Watkins（$ 5.99） With the flight of its characters through a landscape destroyed by climate crisis， this novel does not indicate much hopefulness for the future ．Within it is a series of situations and consequences made more severe in a future California short of water．Across the desert．we follow Watkins' characters through a place so transformed that it needs its own field guide of animals newly adapted for strange survival． The Ministry for the Future by Kim Stanley Robinson（$ 18.1） The Ministry for the Future is a masterpiece of the imagination，using fictional eyewitness accounts to tell the story of how climate will affect us all．Its setting is not a deserted world，but a future that is almost upon us．This extraordinary novel from the visionary science fiction writer will change the way you think about the climate crisis． Breathing Fire by Jaim Lowe（$ 27） The front lines of the fight against climate change are peopled with those society has forgotten．Up to 30 percent of the firefighters battling wildfires in California each year are prisoners performing backbreaking labor while earning a 40th of what a civilian makes. This book follows six female prisoner firefighters and their worried families，looking into the human cost of environmental crisis． Something Under the Sun by Alexandra Kleeman（$ 28） In Alexandra Kleeman's new novel, a novelist new to Los Angeles teams up with a former child actor to investigate a conspiracy （阴谋） ． But this is L． A． ， where wildfires burn all year long and the rich store water while the poor suffer from the consequence of climate crisis. Human weakness is pushing the city toward a disaster． 11. Which category does Breathing Fire fall into？ A. Science fiction. B. Play. C. Non-fiction. D. Biography. 12. What is Alexandra Kleeman？ A. A novelist. B. An actor. C. A firefighter. D. A minister. 13. What do the listed books have in common？ A. They are on sale． B. They show concern over climate． C. They are intended for teenagers． D. They are set in California． 佛山一中2020 级高二下学期第一次段考英语 第3 页 共10 页 B Culture and language are intertwined and shape each other. It is impossible to separate the two. Language is not a matter of grammatical rules. Each time we choose words, form sentences and send a message, we also make cultural choices. We all agree that language helps in communicating with people from different backgrounds. However, we may be less aware that cultural implications are necessary for understanding the language being used. If we choose language without being aware of the cultural implications, we may at best not communicate well and at worst send the wrong message. All languages have social questions and information questions. A social question, even though it comes in question form, does not ask for information. It is simply a helping hand to move the conversation forward. In American English the question “How are you?” is a social question. In many other countries, such as Germany, Russia, and Poland, “How are you?” is an information question. The speaker actually wants to get an answer to the question. Language reflects the environment in which we live. In the Amazon area snow is not part of the environment; therefore, people in that area do not have a word for “snow”. In areas where it snows occasionally, people have a word for “snow”, but it may be just one word without any differentiation. Most Americans, for example, use words such as snow, powder snow, sleet, slush, blizzard, and ice. That's the extent of most people's snow vocabulary. People who live in an environment where it snows most months of the year may have much more differentiated words for “snow”. In addition to the environment, language reflects cultural values. Edwards Hall, for example, points out that the Navajo do not have a word for “late”. Time, he tells us, does not play a role in Navajo life. There is a time to do something, a natural time rather than the artificial clock time that industrial countries use. So the Navajo do not have the differentiated vocabulary connected with time and clocks that Americans have. 14. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “intertwined” in Paragraph 1 ? A. Different from each other. B. Difficult to be understood. C. Easily influenced by people. D. Closely connected to each other. 15. Why does the author mention the “How are you?” question? A. To state the similarity of worldwide social communication. B. To give examples of the influence of education on language. C. To stress the importance of small talk in social communication. D. To explain different meanings of the same words in different cultures. 16. What does Paragraph 3 suggest? A. Different areas have different climates. B. Word differentiation varies in different cultures. C. Living conditions may have an influence on the language. D. Different words may have the same meaning in different areas. C An employee whose personality traits closely match the traits that are ideal for his 佛山一中2020 级高二下学期第一次段考英语 第4 页 共10 页 or her job is likely to earn more than an employee whose traits are less congruent (一致 的), according to new research. Findings from previous research have shown that some personality traits are generally beneficial when it comes to a work environment. Being highly conscientious ( 勤勉认真的), lead researcher Jaap J.A. Denissen notes, is connected with being hard-working and well-organized, qualities that are typically prized in employees. But Denissen questioned the idea that there is an ideal personality type. The researchers thought that the match, or mismatch, between a person's traits and job requirements, might be important when it comes to important outcomes like income. The researchers developed a new way of directly comparing the fit between a given employee and a given job, using the well-established Big Five personality traits to quantify ( 量化) the traits that a job requires. The researchers examined personality, yearly income, and jobs of 8,458 persons living in Germany. The results showed that fit really does matter, at least when it comes to extraversion, agreeableness, and openness to experiences. For these three traits, greater congruence between an employee's own personality and a job's requirements was connected with higher income. Importantly, the data also showed that employees who were more agreeable, more conscientious, or more open to experiences than their jobs required actually earned less than people who had congruent levels of those traits. The researchers note that additional studies will be required to understand how job experiences, job satisfaction, and job performance might influence the ass