河南省2021-2022学年高二上学期第一次月考英语试题

2021 年高二年级第一次月考 英语试题 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共70 分） 第一节(共15 小题；每小题2 分，满分30 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Do you look for something to read while in London? If so, you’re lucky. The British capital happens to have an incredible collection of bookshops. Foyles If you will, dig the picture: four miles of shelves holding up to 200, 000 books. Let’s hope you have some time to read books when travelling in Foyles. This bookshop is impossible to leave empty-handed. It was once listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as the biggest bookshop on the planet. Location: 107 Charing Cross Rd Hatchards In the year 1797, Thomas Paine published Agrarian Justice. It’s also the year this London bookshop, the oldest in the city today, first turned on its lights. It stocks an excellent selection of fiction, nonfiction, history and other sorts. Location: 187 Piccadilly St Libreria This bookshop is one of the most pleasing of its kind in London. The yellow bookshelves add a touch of color and mystery and, well, you kind of just want to grab a book and a seat and stay a while. Mobile phone usage is strongly banned here. Location: 65 Hanbury St London Review Bookshop This wonderful bookshop that opened in 2003 comes from the smart people of the London Review of Books. As you’d expect, there is an excellent selection of history, philosophy, politics, new fiction and many other sorts here. Plus, there’s a nice cafe in which you can have something to drink and start reading. Location: 16 Bury PI 1．Where can you find the oldest bookshop in London? A．16 Bury PI. B．187 Piccadilly St. C．107 Charing Cross Rd. D．65 Hanbury St. 2．What is special about Libreria? A．It has various books. B．It is located in London. C．It has yellow bookshelves. D．It is the biggest one. 3．Which bookshop can offer people coffee? A．Foyles. B．Hatchards. C．Libreria. D．London Review Bookshop. B The sun was rising as we drove across the Minnesota state line to New York for my new Ph.D．program. The move was good for me professionally, but I worried about my husband and daughters. I also feared that I wouldn’t be able to give my kids the childhood they deserved. Anne, our first daughter, came into the world when I was a junior majoring in biology in college. It was challenging to balance classes, work schedules, and being a mom. But I got through it, finding moments of joy along the way. On the nights when I was home, I’d read my class notes out loud with my daughter. She’d respond by asking questions, such as “Mom, what are bacteria?” It helped us both learn. After I graduated, I knew that I would need a Ph.D．to land the kind of job I wanted. I arrived in New York feeling more than the usual new-grad-student anxiety. I also suffered from a more personal fear that I was being selfish—that my decision to invigorate my career was going to have long-term negative impacts on my kids. Over the past year, though, I’ve started to let go of some of this worry. I’ve realized that we have not only adapted to our new situation, but things are getting better. My husband landed a job that he is happy with. Anne dreams of becoming a marine biologist. Recently, while driving past the cancer institute I work at, Anne said, “Thinking about people having cancer is so sad, but I feel better knowing that you are researching it to help.” Navigating academia as a young mother is hard, but it’s also rewarding. My kids are learning to look at the world through the lens of science, and watching their mom succeed inspires them. I look forward to seeing them follow my footsteps, whatever path they choose. 4．How did the writer feel about the move for her Ph.D．program? A．It was fruitful but exhausting. B．It was the last thing she would do. C．It was hopeful but challenging. D．It was promising for the whole family. 5．Which can best replace the word “invigorate” in Paragraph 3? A．boost. B．change. C．create. D．choose. 6．What could be inferred from Anne’s words in Paragraph 4? A．People are afraid of having cancer. B．Cancer is health enemy No.1. C．Her mother takes her job seriously. D．Anne is proud of her mother. 7．What might be the best title of the text? A．Onwards and Upwards B．Double Gains of Mum’s Pursuit C．Like Mother Like Daughter D．Generation Gap Narrowed by Love C If you live near a park, you’ve probably observed this unique squirrel behavior. As winter approaches, these creatures begin what looks like preparation for a wide scavenger（觅食）hunt. In great numbers, these squirrels begin to bury nuts! This kind of behavior raises a lot of questions for squirrel enthusiasts—the most pressing being how the squirrels find their nuts again. Eastern gray squirrels, in particular, bury their nuts far and wide. Scientists themselves aren’t even quite sure of everything that goes into this hiding behavior, but they have some ideas. For one, scientists have observed gray squirrels frequently burying and reburying their nuts. The scientists assumed that this behavior was to help always keep a fresh memory of the nuts! locations. However, it’s not only memory that the squirrels need to combat（战斗）in order to find their nuts! The gray squirrel community is rampant(猖獗的)with nut stealing. The squirrels can lose up to 25% of their hidden nuts to such thieves! Luckily, the squirrels have developed some clever methods to protect their nuts. Scientists have observed the squirrels creating false caches（储 藏）in order to trick thieves. If the squirrels are worried about thieves, they will also start to hide their nuts in difficult-to-reach places（like under bushes or in muddy areas）. While it might be frustrating for squirrels to lose their carefully hidden nuts, it can be beneficial for other organisms. In particular, it can help the forest itself! A study done at the University of Richmond reports that squirrels fail to recover up to 74% of the nuts they bury. This misplacing of so many acorns (the seeds of oak trees), the study says, is likely responsible for oak forest regeneration. When squirrels misplace these buried acorns, they allow for these seeds to eventually grow into full oak trees! The squirrels’ habit of widespread caching is also important to the growth of the forest, as it allows the genetic（基因的）information to spread far. What seemed like a harmless scavenger hunt is actually part of an endless complex ecosystem in our forests! 8．In what aspect do squirrels puzzle people most? A．The way they search for food. B．The places they hide in winter. C．The location of their hidden food. D．The way they recover hidden nuts 9．What can we learn about the gray squirrels? A．They often fight with each other for food. B．They tend to feel more secure in bushy places. C．They are cautious about storing food for winter. D．They survive largely thanks to their team spirit. 10．What’s the message conveyed in the third paragraph? A．Squirrels can starve due to lack of food. B．It can be beneficial that squirrels lose their nuts. C．It’s easy to get squirrels’ genetic information. D．Squirrels always misplace their nuts deliberately. 11．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Why do squirrels steal nuts? B．How do squirrels survive the winter? C．The secrets behind squirrels’ burying nuts. D．The ecosystem in the forest. D Which kind of diamond is better for the environment and the world we live in: a diamond from a traditional mine or one made in a laboratory? It seems that everyone would think that man-made diamonds would be better. But wait a minute. Don’t draw your conclusion so quickly. Some recent reports suggest the answer may not be so clear. At the very least, these reports provide evidence of tensions between two different sectors of the diamond industry. Lab-grown diamond companies say they are more moral and cause less harm to the Earth’s environment as they don’t have to dig deep into the earth for diamonds. The traditional diamond sector notes that its businesses help the communities where they operate mines. It says they provide jobs, help bui