2021-2022高二上学期英语期中考试试题(1)

1 2021-2022 学年度高二第一学期期中考试英语科试题 出卷人：丘夏扬，杨锟 审核：王文贞2021.10 第二部分： 第一节阅读理解（共15 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分） 阅读下列短文，从1-15 每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。 A A Summer Horse Camp in Montana and Wyoming for Teen Girls Dates: June 23—July 5, 2021 Ages: 14—16 (grades 8, 9 & 10) Tuition: ＄2,955(not including airfare) Start: Bozeman, Montana End: Jackson, Wyoming Traversing(横越) the Continental Divide, this camp takes place on the borders of Montana, Idaho, and Wyoming, where girls will go whitewater rafting, scenic river floating, hot spring soaking, and will tour both Yellowstone and Teton National Parks. Girls who participate in this adventure will gain knowledge and appreciation with each turn, becoming keepers of the land, and being introduced to skills necessary to work with pack animals in the wilderness. All of this adventure and learning take place in a fun, non-competitive atmosphere, which will make this an adventure to remember. Trip Campsite & Facilities Eight nights are spent in tents in public “frontcountry” campgrounds where we have pre-assigned campsite with neighbors and campgrounds hosts nearby, running drinkable water, and private outhouses(屋外厕所) or flushing toilets(抽水马桶) Four nights are spent in tents in “backcountry” wilderness areas where we will purify our water before drinking and learn and practice basic Leave No Trace camping skills such as how to select a campsite, how to go to the bathroom, and how to keep clean outdoors. All backcountry campsites in this travel plan have an outhouse available to us. Why choose this trip Girls who love horses but also want to go rafting, standing up paddle boarding, and explore Yellowstone Country will automatically love this camp. From rivers, to lakes, to mountains, Yellowstone Horseback Adventure camp will give girls a variety of outdoor settings in which they can fall in love with the natural world! 1. How long will the camp last? A. 8 days B. 10 days C. 12 days D. 13 days 2. What does the underlined word “backcountry” refer to? A. An area which lies in the back B. An area which is opposite the front C. An area which has existed for a long time D. An area where few people live 3. Who is the camp intended for? 2 A. The girls who love riding horses and exploring nature B. The boys who enjoy swimming and outdoor activities C. The teens who are fond of experiencing the camps outdoors D. The people who enjoy riding horses and swimming B According to body language expert Robert Phipps,the way people sleep at night actually determines a lot about the type of personality they have.Phipps has identified four sleeping positions that affect personality. Phipps found that worriers,those who stress the most,tend to sleep in the fetal(胎儿的)position.He found that this is the most common bedtime position,with nearly 58 percent of people sleeping on their side with knees up and head down.The more we curl up(蜷曲),the more comfort we are seeking， according to Phipps. The second most common position is the log.Sleeping with a straight body,with arms at each side，as if they are standing guard at Buckingham Palace,indicates stubbornness,and these people(the 28 percent who sleep this way)often wake up stiffer than when they went to sleep. “The longer you sleep like this,the more rigid your thinking is and you can become inflexible,which means you make things harder for yourself,” according to Phipps. Yearner(向往型)sleepers are next on the list. About 25 percent of people sleep in this style—on their side with arms stretched out in front,looking as if they are either chasing a dream or perhaps being chased themselves.Yearners are typically their own worst critics,always expecting the best results,explained Phipps.These people often wake up refreshed and eager to face the challenges of the day ahead. Perhaps the most peculiar(奇怪的)of sleep styles is the freefaller position.This sleep style makes up 17 percent of the population.They sleep face down with arms stretched out.These people,according to Phipps，feel like they have little control over their life.Not only is this the strangest of sleep styles,but also the least comfortable,and people may wake up feeling tired and have no energy. In conclusion,Phipps has only one more thing to add:“A good night's sleep sets you up for the following day and our sleeping positions can determine how we feel when we wake.” 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．A Good Night's Sleep Sets You Up for the Following Day. B．Your Personality Depends a Lot on How You Sleep at Night. C．How You Sleep at Night Affects What You Do the Next Day. D．Which Sleeping Position Helps You Sleep Comfortably. 5．Which of the following pictures is the fetal position? 6．The underlined word “rigid” is closest in meaning to “________”． A．stubborn B．flexible C．comfortable D．strange 3 7．Which sleeping position indicates that the sleeper tends to seek perfection? A．The fetal position. B．The log position. C．The freefaller position. D．The yearner position. C This month, Germany’s transport minister, Alexander Dobrindt, proposed the first set of rules for autonomous vehicles(自主驾驶车辆). They would define the driver’s role in such cars and govern how such cars perform in crashes where lives might be lost. The proposal attempts to deal with what some call the “death valley” of autonomous vehicles: the grey area between semi-autonomous and fully driverless cars that could delay the driverless future. Dobrindt wants three things:that a car always chooses property (财产) damage over personal injury; that it never distinguishes between humans based on age or race; and that if a human removes his or her hands from the driving wheel—to check email, say—the car’s maker is responsible if there is a crash. “The change to the road traffic law will permit fully automatic driving,” says Dobrindt. It will put fully driverless cars on an equal legal footing to human drivers, he says. Who is responsible for the operation of such vehicles is not clear among car makers, consumers and lawyers. “The liability( 法律责任)issue is the biggest one of them all,” says Natasha Merat at the University of Leeds, UK. An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human“be watchful and monitoring the road”at every moment. But that is not what many people have in mind when thinking of driverless cars. “When you say ‘driverless cars’, people expect driverless cars,” Merat says. “You know—no driver.” Because of the confusion, Merat thinks some car makers will wait until vehicles can be fully automated without human operation. Driverless cars may end up being a form of public transport rather than vehicles you own, says Ryan Calo at Stanford University, California. That is happening in the UK and Singapore, where government-provided driverless vehicles are being launched. That would go down poorly in the US, however. “The idea that the government would take over driverless cars and treat them as a public good would get absolutely nowhere here,” says Calo. 8.What does the phrase “death valley” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A place where cars often break down. B. A case where passing a law is impossible. C. An area where no driving is permitted. D. A situation where drivers’ role is not clear. 9. The proposal put forward by Dobrindt aims to______. A. stop people from breaking traffic rules B. protect drivers of all ages and races C. help promote fully automatic driving D. prevent serious property damage 10. What do consumers think of the operation of driverless cars? A. It should get the attention of insurance companies. 4 B. It should be the main concern of law makers. C. It should not cause deadly traffic accidents. D. It should involve no human responsibility. 11. What could be the best title for the passage? A. Fully Automatic Cars: A New Breakthrough B. Autonomous Driving: Whose Liability? C. Autonomous Vehicles: Driver Removed! D. Driverless Cars: Root of Road Accidents D An international team led by scientists at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HKUST) has recently developed the worl