英语2021-2022学年度高一年级下学期第一次段考

佛山一中2021-2022学年度高一年级下学期第一次段考英语试题 第1 页共8 页 佛山一中2021-2022 学年度高一年级下学期第一次段考 英语试题 本试卷共8 页，81 小题，满分150 分，考试时间120 分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考号填写在答题卷上。 2．每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卷上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用 橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔 或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卷各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原 来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 3．作答选做题时，请先用2B 铅笔填涂选做题的题组号对应的信息点，再作答。漏涂、错涂、 多涂的，答案无效。 第一部分听力（共两节, 满分20 分） 第一节听力理解（共6 小题, 每小题2 分, 满分12 分） 材料及问题播放两遍。每段后有三个小题, 各段播放前每小题有5 秒钟的阅题时间。请根据 各段播放内容及其相关小题, 在5 秒钟内从题中所给的A、B、C 项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 听第一段材料, 回答第1-2 题。短文读两遍。 1. A. A dress. B. A handbag. C. A cellphone. 2. A. Go to a movie. B. Attend a party. C. Eat out with Jim. 听第二段材料，回答第3-4 题。 3. A. Paint national flags. B. Move the furniture. C. Make a website. 4. A. Mary. B. Dick. C. Steve. 听第三段材料，回答第5-6 题。 5. A. By letter. B. By phone. C. By email. 6. A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Snowy. 第二节回答问题（共4 小题, 每小题2 分, 满分8 分） 听下面一段材料，然后回答问题。材料及问题读两遍。 7. ______________________________________ 8. ______________________________________ 9. ______________________________________ 10. _____________________________________ 第二部分阅读（共三节, 满分40 分） 第一节阅读理解（共10 小题；每小题2 分, 满分20 分） 佛山一中2021-2022学年度高一年级下学期第一次段考英语试题 第2 页共8 页 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和D）中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A A few weeks ago, I drove down a back road in West Virginia. Sometime after I passed Spruce Mountain, my phone lost service—and I knew it would remain silent for the next few days. I was heading toward Green Bank, a town that agrees to the ban (禁止) on technology in the United States. The people there do without not only cellphones but also Wi-Fi , microwave ovens, and any other devices that create signals. The ban is to protect the Green Bank Observatory, a group of radio telescopes (无线电望远镜）in a mountain valley. The telescopes are very powerful for human beings. Scientists travel here to measure gravitational (引力的) waves in the space. Astronomers study the stars. It has also become a destination for alien hunters who hope to discover messages there sent from other planets. And in the past ten years, the town has become a destination for people who believe they’re sick of cellphone towers. I came in hopes of finding a certain kind of wildness and solitude (独处). I live in Massachusetts, and I often disappear into the forests and rivers to clear my head. I've always loved the moment when the bars on my phone disappear. When I’m out of range entirely, time grows elastic (有弹性的). I feel deeply free. In theory, I could achieve this kind of freedom anywhere by shutting off my cellphone. But that has never worked for me—and I doubt it doesn't for most other people either. Turn off your phone and you will turn it on again. To experience the deepest solitude, you need to enter the land where the Internet ends. 11. What can be found in Spruce Mountain? A. Digital devices. B. Available smartphones. C. Radio telescopes. D. Cellphone towers. 12. What kind of people may choose to go to Spruce Mountain? A. Supporters of green life. B. People against cellphones. C. Passionate hunters for wildlife. D. Scientists exploring the earth. 13. How can you achieve real freedom according to the author? A. Shut off your phones and you will feel free. B. Switch your phone into flight mode. C. Go to Spruce Mountain in person. D. Go to somewhere without the Internet. B With intelligent systems and new-age networks, life in the big cities will likely be happier and more efficient. After all, more than 60 percent of the world’s population is expected to live in cities by 2050, according to a UN report. These cities will use 5G networks to make everyday life safer and more convenient. Cities like Boston, 佛山一中2021-2022学年度高一年级下学期第一次段考英语试题 第3 页共8 页 Baltimore, Amsterdam and Copenhagen are already using smart technology to improve people’s lives. But what exactly does a smart city do? Let’s look at a few examples. In the United States cities of Boston and Baltimore, smart trash cans can sense how full they are and inform cleaning workers when they need to be emptied. In Amsterdam, the Netherlands, traffic flow and energy usage are monitored and adjusted according to real-time data gathered from sensors (传感器) around the city. And in Copenhagen, Denmark, a smart bike system allows riders to check on air quality and traffic jam as they ride. Smart cities will be interactive, allowing their residents to feel like they’re truly shaping their environment, instead of merely existing in it. “One of the most important reasons to have a smart city is that we can actually communicate with our environment in a way that we never had in the past,” Mrinalini Ingram told Tech Republic. Of course, it will take time and money to turn our present cities into the smart cities of the future. But as we’ve already seen, more cities around the world are already using smart technology in small ways. China, for example, is making investments in big cities like Guangzhou to make them “smarter”. It won’t be long until even more cities start to develop their own smart infrastructure (基础设施). 14. What can a smart city actually do in people’s daily life? A. A real-time traffic jam can be reported. B. More and more people will live in big cities. C. It can replace workers to empty a trash can. D. People can ride bikes in an easier way. 15. What does the author mean by saying “Smart cities will be interactive”? A. People in big cities will benefit from intelligent systems. B. More and more big cities will use smart technology. C. We will show a deeper passion for building our new cities. D. We will communicate with the environment in a new way. 16. What is the author’s opinion about smart cities? A. Critical. B. Neutral. C. Positive. D. Negative. C Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment containing ice and snow. But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past. The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment (沉积物) from under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica. In the sediment, they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old. This would have been in the Cretaceous Period, when dinosaurs were the main land animals. The sediment was removed by scientists on the research icebreaker RV Polarstern in the Amundsen Sea near Pine Island Glacier. Johann Klages is a geologist with the Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research in Germany. He was the lead writer of a study on the findings, published in the journal Nature. He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor. Klages 佛山一中2021-2022学年度高一年级下学期第一次段考英语试题 第4 页共8 页 said an examination showed that the material didn’t form in the ocean. The researchers estimate that the area — about 900 kilometers from the South Pole — had average yearly temperatures of about 12 to 13 degrees Celsius. During the warmest summer months, average temperatures likely reached between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius. The soil included fine dirt particles （颗粒） and hard clay（粘土）, as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants, the study found. Klages added that the plants included trees, ferns (蕨类) and flowering plants. While no animal remains were found, Klages said there were likely dinosaurs, flying reptiles and many insects in the environment. The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes that Earth has experienced in the past—and is currently undergoing today. The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet’s warmest period of the past 140 million years, with sea level about 170 meters higher than today. The researchers said that the rainforest environment in Antarctica was especially surprising because each year, the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life. Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time, but seasonal snowfall was likely. 17. How did the researchers reach their findings? A．By exploring ice in Antarctica. B．By analyzing the Earth sediment. C．By collecting data on climate. D．By researching