新疆乌鲁木齐市第八中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

1 （北京）股份有限公司 乌鲁木齐市第八中学 2022-2023 学年第 一学期高二年级期末考试 英 语 问 卷 （考试时间：120 分钟 卷面分值：150 分 ） （命题范围：选择性必修一 Unit5--- 选择性必修二 Uint4 ） 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中， 选出最佳选 项。 A Bird House Keeper Internship The Smithsonian's National Zoo's Bird House is looking for qualified interns (实习生) who are interested in developing zoo professional skills in animal care. Interns play an important role in animal conservation ( 保护) and have the unique opportunity to aid animal care staff in various responsibilities. Interns will:  Experience and learn all aspects of animal husbandry (畜牧业) ·  Learn and follow animal and keeper safety guidelines and operations  Complete a project and present findings to bird staff  Perform other duties Support will be given to any intern who wishes to pursue the publication of their project results at the end of the internship. Qualifications:  Strong preference will be given to undergraduate and graduate students or recent graduates pursuing a career in a related field. ·  Previous animal experience in a zoo preferred but not required  Flexible, reliable, self-motivated and a team player  Ability to follow oral and written instructions  Able to establish and maintain an effective relationship with people  Strong written and oral communication · Good observational skills  Able to actively work in severe weather Stipend (津贴): This is an unpaid internship. Interns will be responsible for all transportation costs and personal health insurance. Housing: The intern will make his or her own housing arrangements in the Washington, D.C., area. Parking: The Smithsonian's National Zoo and the Smithsonian Institution do not provide free parking to interns. 2 （北京）股份有限公司 Term of appointment: This is a three-month internship with the possibility of extending (延长) to six months. Interns must be able to commit 30-40 hours per week, including holidays and weekends. How to Apply: To apply, go to solaa.si.edu. 1. What will interns be offered? A. Some training in animal care. B. Free publication of their project results. C. Free accommodation. D. Round-trip costs. 2. What is required of applicants? A. Being familiar with birds' habits. B. Having working experience in a zoo. C. Having strong communication skills. D. Being graduate students. 3. How long should interns work? A. At least 360 hours. B. 90-120 hours. C. 120-480 hours. D. At least 480 hours. B Life in lockdown has been hard on people for many reasons, but it has presented unique challenges to those who are used to wandering far from home. For professional adventurers like Alastair Humphreys, who has biked around the world and walked across southern India, the prospect of staying close to home is particularly frightening. Humphreys' concept of the “microadventure” has been covered before on Treehugger, so he's no stranger to finding adventure in the seemingly boring places of home. But to create an ongoing sense of discovery throughout the long months of lockdown at his home in southeastern England, Humphreys had to come up with another plan. He designed a project called “A Single Map Is Enough”. For this, Humphreys ordered a big paper map of his region that measured 20 kilometers along either side. He aimed to explore this map, one small area at a time, for a year. This project is a pleasant reminder of just how much there is to see around us — if we choose to notice it. There's nothing wrong with staying close to home; it can offer far more opportunities for discovery than we may realize. Humphreys told Treehugger, “At the start of the project, I feared a year on one map. I was sure it would be boring. By the end of the year, I was astonished by how little of my map I had seen, and how much there was still to explore.” “A Single Map Is Enough” will be coming out in book form, allowing us readers to travel through Humphreys' stories and photos. But this time, his adventure won't be nearly as difficult to replicate as his earlier ones. We can all get a local map, divide it into squares, and start getting to know our backyards better than ever. And like him, we'll probably be amazed at what we discover. 4. What does Humphreys' new project focus on? A. Making a big map of his region. B. Exploring areas near his home for a year. C. Encouraging people to take up a new hobby. D. Meeting like-minded people around his home. 5. How did Humphreys feel at the beginning of his project? A. Confused. B. Disappointed. C. Anxious. D. Amazed. 6. What does the underlined word“replicate”in the last paragraph mean? A. Predict. B. Record. C. Discover. D. Copy. 7. What would be the best title for this text? A. Developing our map reading habits B. Limiting our adventures to one map C. Reading is the new way of travelling D. Lockdown has brought more rewards than challenges C Domestic horses now pull ploughs（犁）, race in the Kentucky Derby, and carry police. But 3 （北京）股份有限公司 early horses weren’t tame（驯服的 ） enough to perform these kinds of tasks. Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today. Thousands of years ago, people killed the wild horses that lived around them for food. Over time, people began to catch the animals and raise them. This was the first step in domestication. As people began to tame and ride horses, they chose to keep those animals that had more desirable characteristics. For example, people may have chosen to keep horses that had a gentle personality so they could be ridden more easily. People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals. Characteristics like strength are partly controlled by the animals’ genes. So as the domesticated horses reproduced, they passed the characteristics on to their young. Each new generation of houses would show more of these chosen characteristics. Modern day horse breeds （品种）come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes. This variety didn’t exist in the horse population before domestication. The Shetland horse is one of the smallest breeds– typically reaching only one meter tall. With short, strong legs, the animals were bred to pull coal out of mine shafts (矿井) with low ceilings. Huge horses like the Clydesdale came on the scene around 1700. People bred these heavy, tall horses to pull large vehicles used for carrying heavy loads. The domestication of horses has had great effects on societies. For example, horses were important tools in the advancement of modern agriculture. Using them to pull ploughs and carry heavy loads allowed people to farm more efficiently. Before they were able to ride horses, humans had to cross land on foot. Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distance in much less time. That encouraged populations living in different areas to interact with one another. The new form of rapid transportation helped cultures spread around the world. 8. Before domestication horses were ________. A. hunted for food B. caught for sports C. made to pull ploughs D. used to carry people 9. The author uses the Shetland horse as an example to show ________. A. it is smaller than the Clydesdale horse B. horses used to have gentle personalities C. horses were of less variety before domestication D. some horses have better shapes than others 10. Horses contributed to the spread of culture by ________. A. carrying heavy loads B. changing farming methods C. advancing agriculture in different areas D. serving as a means of transport 11. The passage is mainly about ________. A. why humans domesticated horses B. how humans and horses needed each other C. how human societies and horses influenced each other D. why horses came in different shapes and sizes D Do you know the amazing fact that earth is lighted up by bioluminescence(生物发光)? However, for many of us, seeing the natural phenomenon